Scatter Plot

A scatter plot shows the relationship between two numeric variables. Each point represents one observation. Its horizontal position gives one value, and its vertical position gives the other.

Team size and weekly reportsSample data
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Each point is one team. Larger teams tend to publish more reports in this sample, but the chart does not explain why.

Read one point first

The point at 7 members and 12 reports represents a team of seven people that published 12 reports in a week. Other points represent other teams, not later dates for the same team.

The points tend to rise from left to right. In this sample, larger teams tend to publish more reports. That association does not prove that adding members causes more reports. Team roles or reporting needs could affect both values.

Look for shape and exceptions

Check whether the relationship is roughly linear, curved, or absent. Look for clusters and points far from the rest. Verify unusual observations before treating them as errors.

A trend line can summarize an association, but should not hide the underlying points. State the method and avoid extending it beyond the observed range without justification.

Make overlapping points visible

Use smaller marks or transparency when points overlap. With many observations, a density plot or heatmap may show concentrations more clearly.

Label both units and use a scale that fits the data. If you add a third variable through bubble size, scale the bubble area to the value. A line chart is better when the main relationship is change over time.

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